|

Forex Today: Markets quiet down as Christmas approaches

Here is what you need to know on Tuesday, December 24:

Major currency pairs fluctuate in tight ranges early Tuesday as trading conditions thin out. Stock and bond markets in the US will close early on Christmas Eve and will remain closed on Christmas Day on Wednesday. The economic calendar will not feature any data releases until Thursday.

US Dollar PRICE Last 7 days

The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies last 7 days. US Dollar was the strongest against the New Zealand Dollar.

 USDEURGBPJPYCADAUDNZDCHF
USD 1.07%1.20%1.88%0.86%1.94%2.27%0.53%
EUR-1.07% 0.13%0.80%-0.20%0.86%1.17%-0.53%
GBP-1.20%-0.13% 0.69%-0.31%0.73%1.06%-0.65%
JPY-1.88%-0.80%-0.69% -1.00%0.09%0.41%-1.27%
CAD-0.86%0.20%0.31%1.00% 1.07%1.39%-0.32%
AUD-1.94%-0.86%-0.73%-0.09%-1.07% 0.33%-1.37%
NZD-2.27%-1.17%-1.06%-0.41%-1.39%-0.33% -1.69%
CHF-0.53%0.53%0.65%1.27%0.32%1.37%1.69% 

The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the US Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent USD (base)/JPY (quote).

The data from the US showed on Tuesday that the Conference Board's Consumer Confidence Index declined to 104.7 in December from 112.8 (revised from 111.7) in November. In the meantime, Durable Goods Orders declined by 1.1% on a monthly basis in November, while New Home Sales increased by 5.9%. The US Dollar (USD) struggled to gather strength following the mixed data releases but the USD Index managed to register small gains on Monday.

The Bank of Japan noted in its Monetary Policy Meeting Minutes that gradual rate hikes will be possible if inflation trends align with their expectations. According to the publication, one member suggested a gradual rate hike to 1.0% by the second half of fiscal 2025 for better economic assessment. After rising nearly 0.5% on Monday, USD/JPY fluctuates in a tight range slightly above 157.00 in the European morning on Tuesday.

EUR/USD edged higher during the European trading hours on Monday but failed to preserve its recovery momentum in the second half of the day. The pair seems to have entered a consolidation phase at around 1.0400 in the early European session on Tuesday.

GBP/USD closed marginally lower on Monday following a recovery attempt toward 1.2600. The pair moves up and down in a narrow band below 1.2550 on Tuesday.

Gold edged lower as the benchmark 10-year US Treasury bond yield continued to stretch higher on Monday. XAU/USD holds steady near $2,620 in the European morning.

Risk sentiment FAQs

In the world of financial jargon the two widely used terms “risk-on” and “risk off'' refer to the level of risk that investors are willing to stomach during the period referenced. In a “risk-on” market, investors are optimistic about the future and more willing to buy risky assets. In a “risk-off” market investors start to ‘play it safe’ because they are worried about the future, and therefore buy less risky assets that are more certain of bringing a return, even if it is relatively modest.

Typically, during periods of “risk-on”, stock markets will rise, most commodities – except Gold – will also gain in value, since they benefit from a positive growth outlook. The currencies of nations that are heavy commodity exporters strengthen because of increased demand, and Cryptocurrencies rise. In a “risk-off” market, Bonds go up – especially major government Bonds – Gold shines, and safe-haven currencies such as the Japanese Yen, Swiss Franc and US Dollar all benefit.

The Australian Dollar (AUD), the Canadian Dollar (CAD), the New Zealand Dollar (NZD) and minor FX like the Ruble (RUB) and the South African Rand (ZAR), all tend to rise in markets that are “risk-on”. This is because the economies of these currencies are heavily reliant on commodity exports for growth, and commodities tend to rise in price during risk-on periods. This is because investors foresee greater demand for raw materials in the future due to heightened economic activity.

The major currencies that tend to rise during periods of “risk-off” are the US Dollar (USD), the Japanese Yen (JPY) and the Swiss Franc (CHF). The US Dollar, because it is the world’s reserve currency, and because in times of crisis investors buy US government debt, which is seen as safe because the largest economy in the world is unlikely to default. The Yen, from increased demand for Japanese government bonds, because a high proportion are held by domestic investors who are unlikely to dump them – even in a crisis. The Swiss Franc, because strict Swiss banking laws offer investors enhanced capital protection.

Author

Eren Sengezer

As an economist at heart, Eren Sengezer specializes in the assessment of the short-term and long-term impacts of macroeconomic data, central bank policies and political developments on financial assets.

More from Eren Sengezer
Share:

Editor's Picks

AUD/USD turns south toward 0.6900 as USD firms up

AUD/USD sees fresh selling and drops toward 0.6900 in late Asian trading on Monday, as renewed US Dollar strength weighs on the pair amid lingering Middle East and Russia-Ukraine geopolitical tensions. Focus remains on Oil prices, Treasury bond yields, and RBA expectations for fresh trading impetus in the major.

USD/JPY retakes 158.00 amid hawkish BoJ bets, firmer USD

USD/JPY erases losses and retakes 158.00 in the Asian session on Monday, trading within a one-week-old range. Geopolitical uncertainty continues to underpin the US Dollar, despite fading Fed rate hike hopes, supporting the pair's rebound. However, further upside could be capped by hawkish BoJ expectations and looming intervention risks that could support the Japanese Yen.

Gold languishes below $4,200 amid high US yields

Gold trims some losses on Monday, but remains trapped within previous ranges, with upside attempts limited below $4,200 and with two-month lows of $4,110 at a short distance. The recent pullback on the US Dollar Index has provided some support for precious metals although the high US Treasury yields are keeping a floor on US Dollar dips so far.

Pi Network risks a steeper decline as bearish momentum builds

Pi Network extends losses below $0.090 maintaining a steady decline for the fifth consecutive day. The retail demand remains firm, with the notional value of active perpeutals holding above $10 million. The technical outlook for PI remains bearish as bearish momentum mounts.

ISM Services PMI expected to show robust US economy in September

On Monday, we’ll get the latest read on the US services sector when the Institute for Supply Management publishes its September gauge. Consensus points to a marginal uptick to 55.7 from August’s 55.4. If confirmed, the reading is unlikely to significantly dent the current sector’s resilience and confidence in the broader economy.

The Euro is near a one-year low: Inflation could trigger its rebound, not its fall

EUR/USD has fallen to its lowest level since May 2025. The pair hit 1.1312 on Wednesday and trades well below the January peak of 1.2082. The decline reflects a powerful combination of US Dollar strength, geopolitical uncertainty and renewed concerns about Europe's exposure to higher energy prices.