NZD/USD falls to near 0.5650 following inflation data, focus on Trump’s tariff plans

NZD/USD depreciates as annual inflation remains within the RBNZ target range of 1-3% in December.
US President Donald Trump's administration is considering imposing a 10% tariff on Chinese imports.
The US Dollar maintains its position as Trump confirmed that the proposal for universal tariff hikes is still under consideration.

Akhtar Faruqui FXStreet

NZD/USD extends its losses for the second consecutive day, trading around 0.5650 during the early European hours on Wednesday. The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) received downward pressure following the latest domestic inflation figures.

New Zealand's Consumer Price Index (CPI) remained steady at 2.2% year-over-year in Q4 2024, marginally exceeding expectations but staying within the Reserve Bank of New Zealand's (RBNZ) target range of 1-3%. Quarterly, the CPI increased by 0.5%, showing a slight moderation from the 0.6% rise recorded in the previous quarter.

The data suggested that price pressures remained largely contained, reinforcing expectations for another jumbo rate cut from the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) in February. Swaps markets are now pricing in a 90% chance of another 50 basis points (bps) reduction on February 19, adding to the two delivered earlier in the cycle. The RBNZ is expected to deliver a total of 100 bps of rate cuts for the remainder of 2025.

Additionally, the NZD/USD pair remains subdued due to increased risk-off sentiment as US President Donald Trump announced that his administration is considering imposing a 10% tariff on Chinese imports starting February 1.

The US Dollar (USD) holds onto modest gains as US President Donald Trump confirmed that the proposal for universal tariff hikes is still under consideration, although he stated, "We are not ready for that yet." Additionally, Trump issued a memorandum directing federal agencies to investigate and address the ongoing trade deficits.

Moreover, the USD could recover its recent losses in the near term as the US Federal Reserve (Fed) is expected to maintain its benchmark overnight rate in the 4.25%-4.50% range during its January meeting. Investors anticipate that Trump's policies could increase inflationary pressures, which might limit the Fed to only one more rate cut.

New Zealand Dollar FAQs

What key factors drive the New Zealand Dollar?

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD), also known as the Kiwi, is a well-known traded currency among investors. Its value is broadly determined by the health of the New Zealand economy and the country’s central bank policy. Still, there are some unique particularities that also can make NZD move. The performance of the Chinese economy tends to move the Kiwi because China is New Zealand’s biggest trading partner. Bad news for the Chinese economy likely means less New Zealand exports to the country, hitting the economy and thus its currency. Another factor moving NZD is dairy prices as the dairy industry is New Zealand’s main export. High dairy prices boost export income, contributing positively to the economy and thus to the NZD.

How do decisions of the RBNZ impact the New Zealand Dollar?

The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) aims to achieve and maintain an inflation rate between 1% and 3% over the medium term, with a focus to keep it near the 2% mid-point. To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the RBNZ will increase interest rates to cool the economy, but the move will also make bond yields higher, increasing investors’ appeal to invest in the country and thus boosting NZD. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken NZD. The so-called rate differential, or how rates in New Zealand are or are expected to be compared to the ones set by the US Federal Reserve, can also play a key role in moving the NZD/USD pair.

How does economic data influence the value of the New Zealand Dollar?

Macroeconomic data releases in New Zealand are key to assess the state of the economy and can impact the New Zealand Dollar’s (NZD) valuation. A strong economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for NZD. High economic growth attracts foreign investment and may encourage the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to increase interest rates, if this economic strength comes together with elevated inflation. Conversely, if economic data is weak, NZD is likely to depreciate.

How does broader risk sentiment impact the New Zealand Dollar?

The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) tends to strengthen during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and are optimistic about growth. This tends to lead to a more favorable outlook for commodities and so-called ‘commodity currencies’ such as the Kiwi. Conversely, NZD tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.

Author

Akhtar Faruqui

FXStreet

Akhtar Faruqui is a Forex Analyst based in New Delhi, India. With a keen eye for market trends and a passion for dissecting complex financial dynamics, he is dedicated to delivering accurate and insightful Forex news and analysis.

AUD/USD bulls seem hesitant below 0.7050 ahead of RBA on Tuesday

AUD/USD reverses an Asian session dip on Monday as renewed optimism over Iran diplomacy boosts investor confidence, keeping a lid on the safe-haven US Dollar and supporting the risk-sensitive Aussie. Spot prices, however, remain below the one-month high, touched last Thursday, as bulls wait for the crucial RBA decision before taking fresh positions.

USD/JPY climbs to 158.00 neighborhood as BoJ uncertainty weighs on the JPY

The USD/JPY pair gains some positive traction at the start of a new week, recovering further from Friday's post-Bank of Japan (BoJ) swing low to sub-157.00 levels. The momentum lifts spot prices to the 158.00 neighborhood during the Asian session and seems unaffected by fresh intervention warning from Japan's Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama.

Gold trims intraday gains; trades below $3,900 as Fed hike bets counter weak USD

Gold trims part of its modest intraday gains, trading with a mild positive bias below the $3,900 mark during Monday’s early European session. The US Dollar attracts fresh sellers amid optimism over a potential diplomatic breakthrough to end the US-Iran war and offers some support to the commodity. Meanwhile, US Federal Reserve rate-hike bets remain firmly on the table amid energy-driven inflation concerns, keeping the non-yielding yellow metal near the October 2025 low touched on Friday.

Dogecoin risks deeper slide as whales diverge

Dogecoin hovers around $0.075 on Monday after falling for the fifth consecutive week since the end of September. Santiment data shows diverging whale activity, as large holders reduce their positions while smaller whale wallets accumulate tokens. Meanwhile, weakening on-chain metrics and a deteriorating technical outlook suggest that DOGE could remain vulnerable to further losses.

Middle East War updates: Iran warns of expanded strikes against US despite progress in talks

Here’s a brief recap of the key developments in the Middle East war that occurred over the weekend, which are expected to have a significant impact on markets in the upcoming week.

The 2% inflation target came from a throwaway remark. It now moves trillions

The Federal Reserve's 2% inflation goal grew out of an off-the-cuff remark by a New Zealand politician in 1988. Bond investors still price long-term US debt as if 2% holds, so a change in how the Fed measures inflation would move markets.