GBP/USD snaps two-day win streak, UK Retail Sales in the pipe

GBP/USD pivoted around 1.2200 on Thursday as Pound bids waffle.
UK data continues to miss the mark, UK Retail Sales figures up next.
Forex markets get a rare breather from US-centric economic data.

Joshua Gibson FXStreet

GBP/USD churned chart paper near familiar levels on Thursday, chalking in a flat day after exploring some intraday downside and snapping a two-day win streak as price action gets hung up on the 1.2200 handle.

UK Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth rebounded in November but missed median market forecasts, registering a slim 0.1% MoM, down from the expected 0.2%, and climbing only moderately from the previous -0.1% contraction. UK Industrial Production barely moved the needle in November, contracting by 0.4% and entirely missing the forecast upswing to 0.1% compared to the previous month’s -0.6% backslide.

On the US side, Retail Sales figures moderated in December, easing back to 0.4% MoM in the headline figure. Markets expected a dip to 0.6% from the previous month’s revised 0.8%. Core Retail Sales, excluding automotive expenditures, rose to 0.4% MoM from 0.2%, meeting median analyst forecasts. The mixed figures failed to spark significant changes in investor sentiment in either direction.

UK Retail Sales figures for December are due early during Friday’s London market session and are expected to rebound to 0.4% from November’s 0.2% figure. On an annualized basis, Retail Sales are forecast to rally to 4.2% from the previous 0.5%, a lofty median target to set for an economic zone that has routinely missed market expectations in recent months.

GBP/USD price forecast

GBP/USD is struggling to stage a meaningful technical recovery after dumping into a fresh 15-month low late last week. Cable bids bounced off the 1.2100 handle, and price action is getting hung up on the 1.2200 technical level.

Despite some back-and-forth on the weekly candles, Cable is headed for a fourth straight monthly close in the red, and the trend is certainly looking particularly unfriendly to Pound bulls. However, technical oscillators are pinned deep into bear country, and price action traders might be looking to catch a rising knife as broader market momentum pivots.

GBP/USD daily chart

Pound Sterling FAQs

What is the Pound Sterling?

The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, also known as ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).

How do the decisions of the Bank of England impact on the Pound Sterling?

The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.

How does economic data influence the value of the Pound?

Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.

How does the Trade Balance impact the Pound?

Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.

Author

Joshua Gibson

FXStreet

Joshua joins the FXStreet team as an Economics and Finance double major from Vancouver Island University with twelve years' experience as an independent trader focusing on technical analysis.

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