US Dollar builds on gains to defend key level ahead of Fed's Waller, GDP and PCE data

The US Dollar snaps this week’s losing streak and claws back.
Traders are sitting on their hands ahead of GDP and PCE inflation data later this week.
The US Dollar Index locks in above 104.00 and is expected to defend this level ahead of the pivotal data.

The US Dollar (USD) adds gains, which probably will be used by US Dollar bulls as a buffer ahead of the data points later this week, in an attempt to defend that 104.00 level in the US Dollar Index (DXY). Markets are not really seeing a main driver for the turnaround, so this move should be taken with a pinch of salt. This could result in the Greenback trading in a tight range until the release of important economic data later this week, namely the US Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on Thursday and the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index, the Fed’s preferred inflation gauge, on Friday.

A very light US calendar is ahead on Wednesday, with only the Mortgage Bankers Association delivering its weekly Mortgage Applications for this week. Markets will be able to hear from a Fed official as Fed Board Member Christopher Waller will deliver a speech about the US Economic Outlook at the Economic Club of New York. Known for being a hawk, any change in the number of interest-rate cuts or timing could be important for the Greenback’s valuation.

Daily digest market movers: Awaiting Waller's speech

This Friday is an official bank holiday (Good Friday) with a lot of trading desks closed. Though the Personal Consumption Expenditures elements will be released in thin volume market conditions.
The Mortgage Bankers Association has released the weekly Mortgage Applications Index for this week at 11:00 GMT. The previous number showed a 1.6% contraction compared with a week earlier, and this week was no different with a contraction by 0.7%.
The US Treasury is issuing another bond, this time in the 7-year tenor at 17:00 GMT.
Fed Board Member Christopher Waller will speak about the US Economic Outlook at the Economic Club of New York around 22:00 GMT.
Equities are overall in the green, except for China, where both the Hong Kong Hang Seng Index and the Shenzhen Index have retreated over 1%. European and US equities are in the green by 0.25% on average.
According to the CME Group’s FedWatch Tool, expectations for the Fed’s May 1 meeting are at 88.3% for keeping the fed funds rate unchanged, while chances of a rate cut are at 11.7%.
The benchmark 10-year US Treasury Note trades around 4.22%, a touch softer from Tuesday’s high at 4.27%.

US Dollar Index Technical Analysis: Safety zone

The US Dollar Index (DXY) is entrenching itself (or at least the Dollar bulls are) above 104.00. Shovels and pitchforks are used by traders to make sure that the Greenback does not retreat below 104.00, with the idea that both US GDP and PCE data will beat expectations, favoring a stronger US Dollar. It appears some conviction is creeping in the markets that the US economy will keep soaring, together with a return of inflation. This, in turn, means that the Fed wouldn’t need to cut interest rates three times this year as the economy would be on a path for a soft landing.

That first pivotal level for the DXY is near 104.60, where last week’s rally peaked. Further up, 104.96 remains the level to beat in order to tackle 105.00. Once above there, 105.12 is the last resistance point for now before the Relative Strength Index (RSI) will trade in overbought levels.

Support from the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 103.74, the 100-day SMA at 103.48, and the 55-day SMA at 103.64 are unable to show their importance as support because traders didn’t wait for a drop to those levels for a turnaround. The 103.00 big figure looks to remain unchallenged for longer, after the decline in the wake of the Fed meeting last week got turned around way before reaching it.

Fed FAQs

What does the Federal Reserve do, how does it impact the US Dollar?

Monetary policy in the US is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these goals is by adjusting interest rates. When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, it raises interest rates, increasing borrowing costs throughout the economy. This results in a stronger US Dollar (USD) as it makes the US a more attractive place for international investors to park their money. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates to encourage borrowing, which weighs on the Greenback.

How often does the Fed hold monetary policy meetings?

The Federal Reserve (Fed) holds eight policy meetings a year, where the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) assesses economic conditions and makes monetary policy decisions. The FOMC is attended by twelve Fed officials – the seven members of the Board of Governors, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and four of the remaining eleven regional Reserve Bank presidents, who serve one-year terms on a rotating basis.

What is Quantitative Easing (QE) and how does it impact USD?

In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve may resort to a policy named Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. It is a non-standard policy measure used during crises or when inflation is extremely low. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy high grade bonds from financial institutions. QE usually weakens the US Dollar.

What is Quantitative Tightening (QT) and how does it impact the US Dollar?

Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process of QE, whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing, to purchase new bonds. It is usually positive for the value of the US Dollar.

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