- USD/CAD falls back and turns flat as the recovery move in the US Dollar has shortened.
- US Trump has expressed confidence that trade talks with Mexico and Japan went smoothly.
- The BoC has warned that a long-lasting global trade war could push the economy into a deep recession.
The USD/CAD pair surrenders its intraday gains and falls back to near 1.3860 during North American trading hours on Thursday. The Loonie pair retreats as intraday gains in the US Dollar (USD) have trimmed, even though United States (US) President Donald Trump has signaled that Washington is making decent progress in closing bilateral deals with Japan and Mexico.
The US Dollar Index (DXY), which tracks the Greenback’s value against six major currencies, falls slightly from its intraday high of 99.60 to near 99.45.
"Had a very productive call with the President of Mexico yesterday. Likewise, I met with the highest-level Japanese Trade Representatives. It was a very productive meeting. Every Nation, including China, wants to meet! Today, Italy!" US President Donald Trump wrote in a post on Truth.Social platform in late European trading hours on Thursday.
On Wednesday, the Bank of Canada (BoC) left interest rates steady at 2.75%, as expected, and warned that a potential spike in inflation due to a potential Trump-led global trade war could push the economy into a “deep recession”. The BoC didn’t release its economic forecast but provided two scenarios amid uncertainty over how Trump’s tariff policy will shape the Canadian economic outlook.
In the first scenario, if the majority of tariffs are negotiated away, the Canadian and global growth would weaken temporarily. Inflation might fall to 1.5% for a year and then return to the central bank’s 2% target.
In the second scenario, a long-lasting global trade war will push the economy into a significant recession, and inflation will spike above 3% in mid-2026 before returning to 2%.
US Dollar FAQs
The US Dollar (USD) is the official currency of the United States of America, and the ‘de facto’ currency of a significant number of other countries where it is found in circulation alongside local notes. It is the most heavily traded currency in the world, accounting for over 88% of all global foreign exchange turnover, or an average of $6.6 trillion in transactions per day, according to data from 2022. Following the second world war, the USD took over from the British Pound as the world’s reserve currency. For most of its history, the US Dollar was backed by Gold, until the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1971 when the Gold Standard went away.
The most important single factor impacting on the value of the US Dollar is monetary policy, which is shaped by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The Fed has two mandates: to achieve price stability (control inflation) and foster full employment. Its primary tool to achieve these two goals is by adjusting interest rates. When prices are rising too quickly and inflation is above the Fed’s 2% target, the Fed will raise rates, which helps the USD value. When inflation falls below 2% or the Unemployment Rate is too high, the Fed may lower interest rates, which weighs on the Greenback.
In extreme situations, the Federal Reserve can also print more Dollars and enact quantitative easing (QE). QE is the process by which the Fed substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. It is a non-standard policy measure used when credit has dried up because banks will not lend to each other (out of the fear of counterparty default). It is a last resort when simply lowering interest rates is unlikely to achieve the necessary result. It was the Fed’s weapon of choice to combat the credit crunch that occurred during the Great Financial Crisis in 2008. It involves the Fed printing more Dollars and using them to buy US government bonds predominantly from financial institutions. QE usually leads to a weaker US Dollar.
Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse process whereby the Federal Reserve stops buying bonds from financial institutions and does not reinvest the principal from the bonds it holds maturing in new purchases. It is usually positive for the US Dollar.
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