Breaking: US CPI inflation softens to 2.8% in February vs. 2.9% forecast
Inflation in the United States (US), as measured by the change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI), declined to 2.8% on a yearly basis in February from 3% in January, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported on Wednesday. This reading came in below the market expectation of 2.9%. On a monthly basis, the CPI rose 0.2% following the 0.5% increase recorded in January.
Follow our live coverage of the US inflation data and the market reaction.
The core CPI, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, rose 3.1% on a yearly basis. This print followed the 3.3% increase in January and came in below analysts' estimate of 3.2%. On a monthly basis, the core CPI rose 0.2%.
Market reaction to US inflation data
The US Dollar (USD) Index, which tracks the USD's performance against a basket of six major currencies, retreated from session highs following the CPI data. At the time of press, the index was up 0.1% on the day at 103.50.
US Dollar PRICE This week
The table below shows the percentage change of US Dollar (USD) against listed major currencies this week. US Dollar was the weakest against the Euro.
| USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD | -0.66% | -0.31% | 0.42% | 0.11% | 0.05% | -0.02% | 0.21% | |
| EUR | 0.66% | 0.32% | 1.13% | 0.79% | 0.83% | 0.63% | 0.78% | |
| GBP | 0.31% | -0.32% | 0.71% | 0.44% | 0.51% | 0.26% | 0.53% | |
| JPY | -0.42% | -1.13% | -0.71% | -0.34% | -0.33% | -0.55% | -0.15% | |
| CAD | -0.11% | -0.79% | -0.44% | 0.34% | -0.09% | -0.12% | 0.08% | |
| AUD | -0.05% | -0.83% | -0.51% | 0.33% | 0.09% | -0.19% | -0.01% | |
| NZD | 0.02% | -0.63% | -0.26% | 0.55% | 0.12% | 0.19% | 0.31% | |
| CHF | -0.21% | -0.78% | -0.53% | 0.15% | -0.08% | 0.00% | -0.31% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the US Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the Japanese Yen, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent USD (base)/JPY (quote).
This section below was published as a preview of the US Consumer Price Index (CPI) data at 03:00 GMT.
- The US Consumer Price Index is forecast to rise 2.9% YoY in February.
- The core CPI inflation is seen a tad lower at 3.2% last month.
- The inflation data could impact the US Dollar’s value and the Fed’s cautious policy stance.
The United States (US) Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is set to publish the high-impact Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation report for February on Wednesday at 12:30 GMT.
The CPI figures could notably impact the US Dollar (USD) and the Federal Reserve’s (Fed) cautious monetary policy stance.
What to expect in the next CPI data report?
As measured by CPI, inflation in the US is set to rise at an annual pace of 2.9% in February, down slightly from 3.0% reported in January. Core CPI inflation, which excludes the volatile food and energy categories, is expected to ease to 3.2% in the same period from a year earlier, compared to a 3.3% growth in January.
On a monthly basis, a 0.3% increase is projected for the headline CPI and the core CPI inflation figures.
Previewing the report, analysts at TD Securities noted: “We expect core CPI inflation to cool down in February following the January jump to 0.45%, as price resets came in firmer than expected in the services segment. We look for slowing in both the goods and services segments, with owners' equivalent rent (OER) inflation dropping to a 3-month low.”
“On a year-over-year (YoY) basis, headline and core CPI inflation are likely to drop by a tenth each to 2.9% and 3.2%, respectively,” TDS analysts said.
How could the US Consumer Price Index report affect EUR/USD?
Against mounting US economic slowdown concerns and President Donald Trump-led global tariff war, markets are now pricing in 85 basis points (bps) of easing from the Fed this year, compared to 75 bps on Monday, per the LSEG Fed interest rate probabilities.
The recent slew of US data releases has been quite discouraging, especially with the February Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) report on Friday showing that the US economy added 151,000 jobs in February, compared with an expected rise of 160,000 and a previous downward revision of 125,000. The Unemployment Rate climbed to 4.1% versus expectations of 4%. The Labor Force Participation Rate ticked a tad lower to 62.4% in the same period from January’s 62.6%.
On the other hand, Fed Chair Jerome Powell stated on Friday that the US central bank would take a cautious approach to monetary policy easing, adding that the economy currently "continues to be in a good place".
Therefore, stakes are high heading into the US CPI showdown as the inflation report could shed fresh light on the direction of the Fed’s interest rates and the USD.
A bigger-than-expected cooldown in the annual headline and core inflation prints could shake off concerns over risks to the disinflation path, compelling Fed to resume rate cuts while exacerbating the Greenback’s pain.
Conversely, the US dollar would find renewed demand if the US CPI data surprises the upside. This scenario would justify the Fed’s prudence on inflation and policy outlooks, reviving hawkish Fed expectations.
Dhwani Mehta, Asian Session Lead Analyst at FXStreet, offers a brief technical outlook for EUR/USD and explains: “EUR/USD’s near-term technical picture points to a likely buyer exhaustion as the Relative Strength Index (RSI) indicator on the daily chart sits within the overbought territory above 70. However, any pullback could be quickly bought into as a 21-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) and 100-day SMA Bull Cross remains in play.”
“EUR/USD needs acceptance above the November 6 2024 high of 1.0937 to extend the uptrend toward the 1.1000 psychological level. The next relevant bullish targe is seen at the 1.1050 mark. Conversely, the immediate support is at the 200-day SMA at 1.0721, below which the March 5 low of 1.0602 will be tested. The 21-day SMA at 1.0546 will be buyers' last defence.”
Tariffs FAQs
Tariffs are customs duties levied on certain merchandise imports or a category of products. Tariffs are designed to help local producers and manufacturers be more competitive in the market by providing a price advantage over similar goods that can be imported. Tariffs are widely used as tools of protectionism, along with trade barriers and import quotas.
Although tariffs and taxes both generate government revenue to fund public goods and services, they have several distinctions. Tariffs are prepaid at the port of entry, while taxes are paid at the time of purchase. Taxes are imposed on individual taxpayers and businesses, while tariffs are paid by importers.
There are two schools of thought among economists regarding the usage of tariffs. While some argue that tariffs are necessary to protect domestic industries and address trade imbalances, others see them as a harmful tool that could potentially drive prices higher over the long term and lead to a damaging trade war by encouraging tit-for-tat tariffs.
During the run-up to the presidential election in November 2024, Donald Trump made it clear that he intends to use tariffs to support the US economy and American producers. In 2024, Mexico, China and Canada accounted for 42% of total US imports. In this period, Mexico stood out as the top exporter with $466.6 billion, according to the US Census Bureau. Hence, Trump wants to focus on these three nations when imposing tariffs. He also plans to use the revenue generated through tariffs to lower personal income taxes.
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