BoE’s Greene: Unclear how Trump tariffs would move UK inflation

Lallalit Srijandorn FXStreet

Bank of England (BoE) policymaker Megan Greene said on Thursday that it is still unclear whether higher US tariffs on goods imports proposed by U.S. President-elect Donald Trump would raise or lower UK inflation, per Reuters.

Key quotes

"None of us know exactly what those tariffs might look like. We can't even work out which direction tariffs would push inflation, in particular in the UK and also in the euro zone to some degree."

“Given the structure of the UK mortgage market in particular, I think consumption will take a while to recover, even as rates are coming down just because of the fixed terms of UK mortgages.”

“I think there could be weak consumption for a while in the UK and also across Europe, whereas the US consumer just seems to see no bounds.”

“Services inflation, in particular, has remained stubbornly high.”

“That’s underpinned mostly by wage growth. Wage growth has been coming down as well, but not as quickly as I would have liked.”

Market reaction

The GBP/USD pair is trading 0.06% higher on the day at 1.2758, as of writing.

BoE FAQs

What does the Bank of England do and how does it impact the Pound?

The Bank of England (BoE) decides monetary policy for the United Kingdom. Its primary goal is to achieve ‘price stability’, or a steady inflation rate of 2%. Its tool for achieving this is via the adjustment of base lending rates. The BoE sets the rate at which it lends to commercial banks and banks lend to each other, determining the level of interest rates in the economy overall. This also impacts the value of the Pound Sterling (GBP).

How does the Bank of England’s monetary policy influence Sterling?

When inflation is above the Bank of England’s target it responds by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is positive for the Pound Sterling because higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls below target, it is a sign economic growth is slowing, and the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit in the hope businesses will borrow to invest in growth-generating projects – a negative for the Pound Sterling.

What is Quantitative Easing (QE) and how does it affect the Pound?

In extreme situations, the Bank of England can enact a policy called Quantitative Easing (QE). QE is the process by which the BoE substantially increases the flow of credit in a stuck financial system. QE is a last resort policy when lowering interest rates will not achieve the necessary result. The process of QE involves the BoE printing money to buy assets – usually government or AAA-rated corporate bonds – from banks and other financial institutions. QE usually results in a weaker Pound Sterling.

What is Quantitative tightening (QT) and how does it affect the Pound Sterling?

Quantitative tightening (QT) is the reverse of QE, enacted when the economy is strengthening and inflation starts rising. Whilst in QE the Bank of England (BoE) purchases government and corporate bonds from financial institutions to encourage them to lend; in QT, the BoE stops buying more bonds, and stops reinvesting the principal maturing on the bonds it already holds. It is usually positive for the Pound Sterling.

Author

Lallalit Srijandorn

FXStreet

Lallalit Srijandorn is a Parisian at heart. She has lived in France since 2019 and now becomes a digital entrepreneur based in Paris and Bangkok.

GBP/USD advaces beyond 1.3450 after BoE decision, US Q2 GDP

GBP/USD gains positive momentum on Thursday, surpassing 1.3450 and trading at fresh multi-week highs. The Bank of England decided to maintain the benchmark rate unchanged at 3.75%. The MPC voted 6-3 to keep rates on hold, with the 3 dissenters favoring a rate hike. US Q2 GDP missing expectations helped the pair advance, while renewed US Dollar weakness across the FX board pushed the pair further up ahead of the monthly close.

EUR/USD confortable around 1.1530, highest in six weeks

The EUR/USD pair trades around 1.1530 in the American session on Thursday, reaching fresh six-week highs. The US Dollar is in sell-off mode, with multiple factors weighing on the American currency. Not only did the Federal Reserve vote divided to keep rates on hold on Wednesday, creating doubts about a September hike, but US Q2 GDP missed expectations. A suspected JPY intervention adds pressure on the Greenback.

Gold recovers the $4,100 level as US Dollar weakens further

Gold trades just above $4,100 amid a US Dollar sell-off. The Greenback enjoyed some near-term demand following Wednesday's post-FOMC downfall, but was unable to retain its gains. The preliminary estimate of the US Q2 GDP showed the economy grew at an annual rate of 1.5%, missing the market's expectations of 2.1%.

Bank of Japan set to keep interest rates unchanged after suspected Yen intervention

Investors are turning their attention to the Bank of Japan’s monetary policy announcement on Friday, after the Japanese Yen staged a dramatic rebound during Thursday's American session. The move came amid growing speculation that Japanese authorities intervened in the foreign exchange market after USD/JPY tumbled from above 163.00 to below 158.00 within minutes.

Aave to sunset Sonic, Aptos, zkSync, Scroll reserves, affecting $98 million in supply

Aave is planning to sunset 75 low-activity reserves across its decentralized finance protocol as part of a broader effort to reduce operational, technical and economic risks across its network of deployments.

9-3: Is the Federal Reserve’s vote tally Warsh's new forward guidance?

The rate did not move. Neither did the statement, and that’s the more interesting fact. Set the July 29 Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statement beside the one issued on June 17, and the two documents are identical apart from a single verb and a paragraph at the bottom naming three dissenters.