Fiscal and trade policy uncertainty overshadows US economic outlook, but we maintain our forecast for steady yet gradually cooling growth in 2025. We revise up our 2025 GDP forecast to 1.9% (from 1.5%) partly due to more positive overhang, and see 2026 growth at 2.1%

We expect easier tax policies to lead to a net increase in fiscal deficits especially in 2026 when compared to CBO’s baseline. Weaker immigration outlook poses a downside risk to structural growth.

We assume 10% universal tariffs on all imports and 40% on imports from China, likely implemented towards the end of 2025. Trump’s announcements suggest some increases could be announced already at the beginning of the new presidential term in January.

Inflation forecasts have been adjusted modestly higher for 2025, with roughly half of the increase reflecting impact from tariffs. We see headline inflation averaging 2.7% in 2025 (from 2.2%) and 2.4% in 2026. Core inflation is set to average 2.9% in 2025 (from 2.4%) and 2.5% in 2026. We keep our Fed call unchanged and expect the Fed to reach a terminal rate of 3.00-3.25% by September 2025, which will be maintained through 2026.

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The EUR/USD pair edges higher to around 1.1615 during the early European session on Wednesday. The improved risk sentiment provides some support to the Euro against the Greenback. Traders will take more cues from the Federal Reserve’s Chair Jerome Powell testifies later on Wednesday.

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GBP/USD holds gains above 1.3600 due to improved risk appetite

GBP/USD extends its winning streak for the third successive session, trading around 1.3620 during the Asian hours on Wednesday. The pair is hovering around 1.3648, the highest since February 2022, which was recorded on Tuesday. The risk-sensitive GBP/USD pair receives support from the improved risk appetite amid easing tensions in the Middle East.

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Gold price edges higher as Fed rate cut bets keep the USD bulls on the defensive. Doubts over the durability of the Israel-Iran ceasefire also support the commodity. Traders look forward to this week’s important US macro data for a fresh impetus.

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Bitcoin price continued to trade in green on Wednesday, having risen 5% over the previous two days. Ethereum and Ripple followed BTC’s footsteps and rallied, approaching their key resistance levels, where a breakout would suggest further upside moves.

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As the Israel-Iran conflict reaches new heights, an old threat is coming back to haunt the markets: that of the closure of the Strait of Hormuz. This narrow arm of the sea in the Persian Gulf, wedged between Iran to the north and the United Arab Emirates and Oman to the south, is much more than a simple sea passage.

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