IMF calls for global stablecoin standards

The IMF released a report on stablecoins. It highlights benefits for payments and risks to stability. Global standards are needed for reserves and supervision.

IMF releases stablecoin analysis

The International Monetary Fund published "Understanding Stablecoins" on December 2, 2025. Stablecoin issuance doubled over the past two years. The total market capitalization exceeds $300 billion as of early December. Growth stems from use in crypto trades and potential for broader applications.

Stablecoins offer several potential benefits. Through tokenization, they could increase efficiency in payments through increased competition.— IMF Departmental Paper “Understanding Stablecoins”, December 2025.

Core benefits identified

Stablecoins cut cross-border payment costs from 6.3 percent on average to under 1 percent in some cases. They enable near-instant transfers. The assets boost financial inclusion in areas with limited banking access. Remittance-heavy economies stand to gain from lower fees.

Key risks highlighted

Risks include:

• Currency substitution – Dollar-based stablecoins weaken local monetary control in emerging markets.
• Financial stability – Runs on issuers trigger asset fire sales.
• Regulatory arbitrage – Firms shift to lax jurisdictions, creating spillovers.
• Data gaps – Limited oversight of reserves and flows.

Threats grow in high-inflation or low-trust environments.

Policy recommendations

The IMF suggests robust reserves, daily transparency, and redemption rights. It advocates cross-border cooperation through the G20 and Financial Stability Board. Fragmented rules risk policy conflicts. The fund monitors developments and advises members.

Broader context and next steps

The analysis fits the 2024-2025 G20 Crypto Roadmap. Emerging markets push for action amid rapid adoption in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. No set timeline for standards exists. The IMF plans to discuss findings at the 2026 G20 Finance Ministers meeting.