Rates spark: Still upside after a hawkish Fed, BoE next

The hawkish Fed saw a bear flattening as an impact reaction. In particular, longer rates still hold upside near-term, but a curve-steepening impulse is probable in the weeks ahead. Investors are split on which strategy the Bank of England will think is best suited to convey a high-for-longer message today.

The 10Y UST yield still has upside – The 2Y looks fine as is

The Federal Reserve will be content that the market is sitting up and listening to its hawkish tilt. Another rate hike was left on the table as the Fed is still in the process of feeling its way towards “the right level of restriction” to get inflation to target but is "fairly close to where [ it ] needs to get."

The main surprise was the upgrade in growth and unemployment projections beyond this year, alongside a 50bp shift higher in the median Fed funds projection for 2024 and 2025 – a higher-for-longer move amid growing hopes that a soft landing can be achieved.

Even with unchanged rates today, the 10yr above 4.4% is suitably more restrictive than it was at the last FOMC meeting when it was below 4%. And it still has upside. The market discount for the bottom of the rate cycle has the funds rate at around 4%, and it has been drifting higher. That places fair value for the 10yr in the region of 4.5%.

The 2yr story is different. We now find the 2yr above 5.15% after rising on the back of the shift higher in the dot plot. That's likely as high as it needs to be. The bigger picture over the next two years will be for the funds rate to be much lower than it is today. That does not need to break even versus a 2yr much above 5%. In fact, this is an area of the curve that can crash lower once it is confirmed that Fed has peaked. The bottom line is that a curve steepening (dis-inversion) impulse is probable in the weeks ahead.

Rate cuts are priced out after the Fed meeting

Source: Refinitiv, ING

The BoE decision has become a closer call than anticipated

With the Fed out of the way, the focus is now on today's Bank of England decision. The surprising drop in the CPI data yesterday morning has seen markets price out the chances for a hike to just below 50% from around 80% previously. Markets are still eyeing a good chance that the BoE will hike by the turn of the year, and that profile is a significant change from mid-August when three more hikes were fully priced. Chief Economist Huw Pill's ‘Table Mountain’ analogy has clearly had its impact.

Our economists are still leaning towards a final BoE hike today, with some of the downside surprise in services inflation down to volatile travel categories. It is a close call, and the BoE may also draw its own conclusions from market reactions to the European Central Bank's dovish hike and the Fed’s hawkish hold earlier.

Rates aside the BoE will also have to set the pace for its quantitative tightening for the next 12 months. As our economist notes, the nominal value of gilts due to mature over the next year is roughly £10 billion higher than over the last. The Bank has also completed its unwind of corporate bonds over the past year and may want to increase active gilts sales to compensate. A planned reduction of gilt holdings by roughly £100 billion over the next 12 months seems plausible, up from £80 billion over the last.

Read the original analysis: Rates Spark: Still upside after a hawkish Fed, BoE next