British Pound softens to near 1.3400 as US-Iran tensions boost safe-haven US Dollar

GBP/USD loses momentum to around 1.3400 in Thursday’s early Asian session.
US military carried out new strikes in Iran; Trump said he won’t rush into a deal with Tehran.
Traders reduce their bets on BoE rate hikes due to easing concerns about political developments and softer UK data.

Lallalit Srijandorn FXStreet

The GBP/USD pair attracts some sellers near 1.3400 during the Asian trading hours on Thursday. The British Pound (GBP) weakens against the US Dollar (USD) on fresh geopolitical developments. Markets remain cautious ahead of the release of the US April Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE) Price Index inflation report, which is due later in the day.

The US military carried out new strikes in Iran, targeting a site that posed a threat to US forces and commercial traffic, according to Reuters. The US described the actions as measured, purely defensive, and intended to maintain the ceasefire.

On Wednesday, President Donald Trump vowed to reach a favorable deal to end the war with Iran, warning that the regime's efforts to bore him with waiting will not work because "I don't care about the midterm elections.” Rising tensions and signs of a prolonged conflict in the Middle East could boost a safe-haven currency such as the Greenback and create a headwind for the major pair in the near term.

Markets have scaled back expectations for a rate hike from the Bank of England (BoE) following softer inflation data, an unexpected rise in the Unemployment Rate to 5.0% for April, and easing political concerns.

“Traders now price one rate hike fewer in 2026 than at the end of the previous week, and gilt yields saw the biggest weekly drop since late-2023,” Pantheon Macroeconomics said in a note on Tuesday. “We estimate that lower yields were driven by lower oil prices, a fall in betting-market odds on Sir Keir Starmer being replaced, and Andy Burnham committing to maintain current fiscal rules,” they added.

Pound Sterling FAQs

What is the Pound Sterling?

The Pound Sterling (GBP) is the oldest currency in the world (886 AD) and the official currency of the United Kingdom. It is the fourth most traded unit for foreign exchange (FX) in the world, accounting for 12% of all transactions, averaging $630 billion a day, according to 2022 data. Its key trading pairs are GBP/USD, also known as ‘Cable’, which accounts for 11% of FX, GBP/JPY, or the ‘Dragon’ as it is known by traders (3%), and EUR/GBP (2%). The Pound Sterling is issued by the Bank of England (BoE).

How do the decisions of the Bank of England impact on the Pound Sterling?

The single most important factor influencing the value of the Pound Sterling is monetary policy decided by the Bank of England. The BoE bases its decisions on whether it has achieved its primary goal of “price stability” – a steady inflation rate of around 2%. Its primary tool for achieving this is the adjustment of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the BoE will try to rein it in by raising interest rates, making it more expensive for people and businesses to access credit. This is generally positive for GBP, as higher interest rates make the UK a more attractive place for global investors to park their money. When inflation falls too low it is a sign economic growth is slowing. In this scenario, the BoE will consider lowering interest rates to cheapen credit so businesses will borrow more to invest in growth-generating projects.

How does economic data influence the value of the Pound?

Data releases gauge the health of the economy and can impact the value of the Pound Sterling. Indicators such as GDP, Manufacturing and Services PMIs, and employment can all influence the direction of the GBP. A strong economy is good for Sterling. Not only does it attract more foreign investment but it may encourage the BoE to put up interest rates, which will directly strengthen GBP. Otherwise, if economic data is weak, the Pound Sterling is likely to fall.

How does the Trade Balance impact the Pound?

Another significant data release for the Pound Sterling is the Trade Balance. This indicator measures the difference between what a country earns from its exports and what it spends on imports over a given period. If a country produces highly sought-after exports, its currency will benefit purely from the extra demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase these goods. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens a currency and vice versa for a negative balance.

Author

Lallalit Srijandorn

FXStreet

Lallalit Srijandorn is a Parisian at heart. She has lived in France since 2019 and now becomes a digital entrepreneur based in Paris and Bangkok.

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