Australia’s CPI inflation declines to 4.0% YoY in May vs. 4.4% expected
Australia’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose by 4.0% year-over-year (YoY) in May, compared to a 4.2% increase reported in the previous reading, the latest data published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) showed on Wednesday.
The market consensus was for 4.4% growth in the reported period.
The monthly Consumer Price Index came in at -0.7% in May, compared to the previous reading of a 0.4% increase, softer than the expectation of a 0.3% decline.
The RBA Trimmed Mean CPI for May rose 0.4% and 3.6% on a monthly and and annual basis, respectively. Meanwhile, the RBA weighted median CPI arrived at 0.4% MoM in May. On an annual basis, the RBA weighted median CPI rose 3.6% YoY during the same period.
AUD/USD reaction to Australia's Consumer Price Index data
The Australian Dollar (AUD) edges slightly higher following the Australia's CPI report. The AUD/USD pair is gaining 0.08% on the day to trade at 0.6922 at the press time.
Australian Dollar Price Today
The table below shows the percentage change of Australian Dollar (AUD) against listed major currencies today. Australian Dollar was the strongest against the New Zealand Dollar.
| USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD | 0.07% | 0.07% | 0.00% | -0.01% | -0.04% | 0.12% | 0.06% | |
| EUR | -0.07% | -0.00% | -0.07% | -0.09% | -0.11% | 0.02% | -0.01% | |
| GBP | -0.07% | 0.00% | -0.09% | -0.11% | -0.11% | 0.01% | -0.02% | |
| JPY | 0.00% | 0.07% | 0.09% | -0.01% | -0.05% | 0.08% | 0.03% | |
| CAD | 0.00% | 0.09% | 0.11% | 0.01% | -0.03% | 0.08% | 0.08% | |
| AUD | 0.04% | 0.11% | 0.11% | 0.05% | 0.03% | 0.12% | 0.07% | |
| NZD | -0.12% | -0.02% | -0.01% | -0.08% | -0.08% | -0.12% | -0.04% | |
| CHF | -0.06% | 0.01% | 0.02% | -0.03% | -0.08% | -0.07% | 0.04% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the Australian Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent AUD (base)/USD (quote).
This section below was published at 22:30 GMT on Tuesday as a preview of the Australia’s CPI inflation report.
- Australia’s May Consumer Price Index is set to accelerate annually despite declining on a monthly basis.
- The CPI inflation data will likely justify the RBA’s pause to its tightening cycle.
- The Australian Dollar remains pressured at two-month lows against the US Dollar ahead of the inflation test.
The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) will publish the high-impact Consumer Price Index (CPI) for May on Wednesday at 01:30 GMT.
Heading into the inflation test, the Australian Dollar (AUD) is at its lowest level in two months against the US Dollar (USD), having surrendered the 0.7000 psychological mark.
What to expect from Australia’s inflation rate data?
Australia’s annual CPI is expected to rise by 4.4% in May after increasing by 4.2% in April, inching close to the near three-year high of 4.6% seen in March. The monthly CPI is seen declining by 0.3% in the same period, following a 0.4% growth reported previously.
The Trimmed Mean CPI inflation is likely to pick up slightly to 3.5% year-over-year (YoY) in May from 3.4%, while the month-over-month (MoM) figure is set to hold steady at 0.3%.
The inflation data release comes after the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) held the Official Cash Rate (OCR) at 4.35% last week, pausing after three consecutive rate hikes since the beginning of the year.
The RBA stated that the “board remains focused on ensuring that inflation does not become embedded once the impulse from higher oil prices has passed through.”
“The board will be attentive to the data and the evolving assessment of the outlook and risks to guide its decisions,” the central bank further noted.
Since the RBA monetary policy meeting, geopolitical tensions have eased somewhat. The United States (US) and Iran struck a peace deal, sending Oil prices sharply lower. That could help alleviate the pressure on Australian inflation in the months ahead.
The divergence between the monthly and annual figures could be justified by a roughly 12% fall in fuel prices over the month amid easing global oil prices and a domestic fuel excise cut, which is set to expire this month.
Meanwhile, new dwelling costs and rents are expected to provide upward pressure on housing inflation.
However, the Trimmed Mean measures will be closely scrutinized to assess whether second-round pass-through from the Middle East energy shock is broadening into the wider services and housing basket.
The RBA closely watches this underlying inflation trend for policy signals.
How could the Consumer Price Index report affect AUD/USD?
AUD/USD is languishing below 0.7000 in the run-up to the inflation showdown, with buyers awaiting a surprise uptick in the annual and monthly Trimmed Mean CPI inflation data to rescue the Australian Dollar.
A softer headline driven by sharply lower fuel prices, but stubbornly high underlying inflation, will keep the RBA on high alert and hopes for rate hikes alive.
On the other hand, easing inflationary pressures in Australia would push back against expectations of the RBA resuming rate hikes late this year, further weighing on the AUD.
Dhwani Mehta, Asian Session Lead Analyst at FXStreet, highlights key technical levels for trading AUD/USD on the CPI release.
“The pair is maintaining a bearish near-term bias as it holds beneath the 21-day, the 50-day and the 100-day Simple Moving Averages (SMAs), clustered between 0.7070 and 0.7135. The pair sits only above the 200-day SMA at 0.6855, which acts as the last meaningful layer of trend support, while the Relative Strength Index (RSI) at 32 is approaching oversold territory, hinting that downside momentum is stretched but not yet exhausted.
On the topside, initial resistance is aligned with the 21-day SMA at 0.7077, followed closely by the 100-day SMA at 0.7085, with the 50-day SMA higher up at 0.7136 reinforcing a broader cap on recovery attempts. On the downside, the 200-day SMA at 0.6855 is the key support to watch; a decisive break below this longer-term measure would likely open the door to a deeper bearish extension in the coming sessions”.
(The technical analysis of this story was written with the help of an AI tool.)
Australian Dollar FAQs
One of the most significant factors for the Australian Dollar (AUD) is the level of interest rates set by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). Because Australia is a resource-rich country another key driver is the price of its biggest export, Iron Ore. The health of the Chinese economy, its largest trading partner, is a factor, as well as inflation in Australia, its growth rate and Trade Balance. Market sentiment – whether investors are taking on more risky assets (risk-on) or seeking safe-havens (risk-off) – is also a factor, with risk-on positive for AUD.
The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) influences the Australian Dollar (AUD) by setting the level of interest rates that Australian banks can lend to each other. This influences the level of interest rates in the economy as a whole. The main goal of the RBA is to maintain a stable inflation rate of 2-3% by adjusting interest rates up or down. Relatively high interest rates compared to other major central banks support the AUD, and the opposite for relatively low. The RBA can also use quantitative easing and tightening to influence credit conditions, with the former AUD-negative and the latter AUD-positive.
China is Australia’s largest trading partner so the health of the Chinese economy is a major influence on the value of the Australian Dollar (AUD). When the Chinese economy is doing well it purchases more raw materials, goods and services from Australia, lifting demand for the AUD, and pushing up its value. The opposite is the case when the Chinese economy is not growing as fast as expected. Positive or negative surprises in Chinese growth data, therefore, often have a direct impact on the Australian Dollar and its pairs.
Iron Ore is Australia’s largest export, accounting for $118 billion a year according to data from 2021, with China as its primary destination. The price of Iron Ore, therefore, can be a driver of the Australian Dollar. Generally, if the price of Iron Ore rises, AUD also goes up, as aggregate demand for the currency increases. The opposite is the case if the price of Iron Ore falls. Higher Iron Ore prices also tend to result in a greater likelihood of a positive Trade Balance for Australia, which is also positive of the AUD.
The Trade Balance, which is the difference between what a country earns from its exports versus what it pays for its imports, is another factor that can influence the value of the Australian Dollar. If Australia produces highly sought after exports, then its currency will gain in value purely from the surplus demand created from foreign buyers seeking to purchase its exports versus what it spends to purchase imports. Therefore, a positive net Trade Balance strengthens the AUD, with the opposite effect if the Trade Balance is negative.
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FXStreet Team
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